South African Standard Grade Definitions of Recovered Paper and Board
The South African Standard Grade Definitions of Recovered Paper and Board (February 2009) provides a general description of the standard paper grades.
It is recognised that specific deals between buyer and supplier for standard grades with special specifications will still be necessary to meet individual requirements. Collected paper segregated from refuse sorting stations is not suitable for use in the paper industryIt is recommended that the standard is used at all industry levels. It secures the quality of the recovered paper supply to the paper mills.
Out-throws
The term out-throws is defined as “all papers that are manufactured or treated or are in such a form as to be unsuitable for consumption as the grade specified”.
Prohibitive Materials
Prohibitive materials are those items which, if included in the recovered paper, may cause damage to machines or interruptions during processing and production.
Specific examples include:
- Metal
- Plastic
- Glass
- Textiles
- Wood
- Sand and building materials
- Synthetic materials
- Synthetic paper
Moisture Content in Recovered Paper & Board
Recovered paper and board will in principle be supplied with moisture of not more than the naturally occurring level – where the moisture content is higher than 10% on paper and 12% on kraft/board (of air-dried weight), the additional weight in excess of the allowed percentage may be claimed back.
Method of Testing & Sampling
The equipment to be used for testing is either:
- Emco AP 500 hand gauge (or equipment with similar specifications)
- Oven dry method
- Aquabouy
In both cases a random representative sample will be taken and subject to testing by one or other of the above methods as agreed between buyer and seller. When new or advanced technology becomes available these procedures may change and will be communicated by way of revised schedule.
Paper grade definitions for recycling
This list of South African Standard Grades of Recovered Paper and Board gives a general description of the standard grades by defining what they do and do not contain. It is recognised that specific deals between buyer and supplier for standard grades with special specifications will still be necessary to meet individual requirements.
It is recommended that the standard is used at all industry levels. It secures the quality of the recovered paper supply to the paper mills. When paper recycling mills can receive a known and consistent product from colllectors and on-sellers , this creates value for the recovered product.
Out-throws
The term “out-throws” is defined as all papers that are so manufactured or treated or are in such a form as to be unsuitable for consumption as the grade specified.
Prohibitive materials
Anything which is not paper or paperboard and if included in the recovered paper may during processing cause damage to machines or interruptions to production.
Specific examples include: Metal, plastic, glass, textiles, wood, sand and building materials, synthetic materials and synthetic paper.
Moisture content in recovered paper and board
Recovered paper and board will in principal be supplied with moisture of not more than the naturally occurring level – where the moisture content is higher than 10% on paper and 12% on kraft/board (of air dried weight), the additional weight in excess of the allowed percentage may be claimed back.
Method of testing and sampling
The equipment to be used for testing is either:
- Emco AP 500 hand gauge (or equipment with similar specifications)
- Oven dry method
- Aquabouy
In both cases a random representative sample will be taken and subject to testing by one or other of the above methods as agreed between buyer and seller. When new or advanced technology becomes available these procedures may change and will be communicated by way of revised schedule.
| Grade definition | Abbr. | Description | Prohibitive materials allowed | Total out-throws may not exceed |
| Common mixed waste paper | [CMW] | A mixture of various grades of paper and board without restriction on fibre content. | 1% | 10% |
| Industrial mixed waste paper | [IMW] | Consists of new cuttings of paperboard as are used in the manufacture of folding paper cartons and similar boxboard products. | 1% | 2% |
| Mechanical grades | ||||
| Special news | [SN]
|
Consists of newspaper, magazines and sorted graphic paper from kerbside and other post-consumer collections. All kraft paper must be removed. | 1% | 3% |
| Over issue news (flat news) | [FN]
|
Consists of overrun unsold newspapers containing not more than the normal percentage of inserts No flexographic printed material allowed. |
None permitted | 1% |
| Magazine | [SBM]
|
Consists of unsold magazines and trims from magazine printers including catalogues, brochures with or without latex bindings. May contain up to 10% of uncoated news type paper. | None permitted | 2% |
| Special magazine | [SSBM]
|
Unsold magazines and trims from magazine printers, including catalogues, brochures without latex bindings. May contain a small percentage of news type paper. | None permitted | 2% |
| High grades | ||||
| White one | [W1] | Consists of unprinted white wood free paper or board, off cuts or shavings free from water insoluble matter. | None permitted | None permitted |
| Heavy letter one | [HL1]
|
Consists of white printed or unprinted sheets, shavings originating from printers or office records. This grade must be free of heavily printed or coloured stock and non-water soluble adhesives. | None permitted | 2% |
| Heavy letter two | [HL2] | Consists of pastel coloured printed or unprinted sheets, shavings and cuttings originating from printers or office records. This grade must be free of heavily printed or coloured stock and non-water soluble adhesives. | 1% | 2% |
| Super mix | [SMW] | Consists of mix of HL1 / HL2 in ratio 50% HL1, 50% HL2. This grade must be free of non-water soluble adhesives. | 1% | 2% |
| Sorted office paper | [SOP] | Consists of paper as typically generated by offices, containing primarily white and coloured ground wood free paper, free of unbleached fibre. May include a small percentage of carbonless paper. | 1% | 5% |
| Kraft grades | ||||
| Corrugated containers | [K4]
|
Consists of corrugated containers having liners of kraft or test liner. | 1% | 5% |
| New corrugated kraft waste | [K3] | Consists of new corrugated cuttings, sheets and unused boxes as generated by corrugating convertors having liners of kraft or test liner. | None permitted | 2% |
| Unused kraft bags | [K1]
|
Consists of new kraft multi wall bag cuttings, sheets and misprint bags, free of stitched papers, poly liners and wet strength paper. | None permitted | 2% |
| Special grades | ||||
| Liquid board packaging | [LBP]
|
Used or unused liquid packaging boards including used PE – coated liquid packaging board (with or without aluminium content). Containing a minimum of 50% by weight of fibres and the balance being aluminium or coatings. | None permitted | 3% |
| Telephone directories | [TD] | Consists of clean telephone directories printed for or by telephone directory publishers. | None permitted | 2% |